未來式 future tense: be going to
一個文法意義, 代表: 即將、會
肯定句
S+be going to+V原形
否定句
S+be not going to+V原形
疑問句
Be+S+going to+V原形?
Wh- be+S+going to+V原形?
簡答
Yes, S + beV.
No, S + beV not.
Be 動詞變化
單數名詞 | |
I am going to | I’m going to |
You are going to | You’re going to |
He is going to | He’s going to |
She is going to | She’s going to |
It is going to | It’s going to |
複數名詞 | |
They are going to | They’re going to |
We are going to | We’re going to |
肯定句
單數名詞 : is going to cook
複數名詞 : are going to cook
I am going to cook. | I‘m going to cook. |
You are going to cook. | You’re going to cook. |
He is going to cook. | He’s going to cook. |
She is going to cook. | She’s going to cook. |
They are going to cook. | They’re going to cook. |
We are going to cook. | We’re going to cook. |
It is going to cook. | It’s going to cook. |
否定句
單數名詞 : is not going to apologize
複數名詞 : are not going to apologize
I am not going to apologize. | I‘m not going to apologize. |
You are not going to apologize. | You’re not going to apologize. |
He is not going to apologize. | He‘s not going to apologize. |
She is not going to apologize. | She’s not going to apologize. |
They are not going to apologize. | They‘re not going to apologize. |
We are not going to apologize. | We’re not going to apologize. |
It is not going to apologize. | It‘s not going to apologize. |
be going to 和 wil 兩者背後含意不一樣
be going to
確定性高的計畫
已經計畫好的計畫
will
不確定的計畫
還沒有計畫好的計畫
【範例一】
I am going to Germany.
(確定性較高的計畫) 我將會去德國。
I will go to Germany.
(確定性較低計畫) 我將會去德國。
【範例二】
It will rain.
(40%會下雨) 將會下雨。
It is going to rain tomorrow.
(100%會下雨) 明天將會下雨。
It is going to rain soon. Let’s go home.
即將要下雨了，回家吧。
【範例三】
在商場媽媽本來已經計畫好要買的東西
She is going to buy some tissue.
她將會買一些衛生紙。
She is going to buy soy sauce.
她將會買一些醬油。
臨時決定要買的東西
I will get some butter.
我將會買一些奶油。
I will get some milk.
我將會買一些牛奶。
Wh- 疑問句
What are you going to do tonight?
你今晚要做甚麼呢?
I am going to go to a concert tonight.
我今晚計畫好要去一個演場會。
Which hotel are you going to stay?
你們要住在哪一個飯店呢?
We are going to stay at the W.
我們要住在W飯店。
When are you going to leave tomorrow?
你明天幾點要離開呢?
We are going to leave at 7.
我們7點要離開。
口語用法
S + be going to go → S + be going (to go) 省略
現在進行式代替未來式
1. 口語使用 (書寫和考試不可以這麼用)。 2. 未來時間近。 3. 非常確定的計畫 90-99%的計畫。
go + 地方 → go home 回家 / go to supermarket 去超市
go + Ving → go shopping 去逛街/ go camping 去露營/ go hiking 去健走/ go swimming 去游泳
go + 慣用語 → go to bed 去睡覺/ go to court 上法庭
未來式 | 現在進行式 |
I am going to go home. | I‘m going home. 我將要回家。 |
You are going to go to school. | You‘re going to school. |
She is going to go shopping. | She‘s going shopping. |
They are going to go court. | They‘re going to court. |
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